AGENDA

The South China Sea conflict, a complex and multifaceted territorial dispute, involves multiple nations, including China, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, and Taiwan. The roots of the conflict trace back to the early 20th century, with competing historical claims over the strategically vital and resource-rich area. Key features include the Paracel and Spratly Islands, with their potential vast reserves of oil, gas, and rich fishing grounds. In the 1970s, tensions escalated as nations began asserting claims more aggressively. Notably, in 1974, China seized control of the Paracel Islands from South Vietnam after a brief naval clash. Throughout the 1980s, various claimants, including the Philippines and Vietnam, occupied different islands and reefs in the Spratlys. The situation remained volatile, with sporadic skirmishes, diplomatic protests, and rising nationalistic fervor. By February 1992, the conflict had garnered significant international attention, especially as China passed the Law on the Territorial Sea, reinforcing its expansive claims, thus heightening regional tensions.